Wide Angle
Wide Angle
Wide Angle Photography
Ahh...wide angle photography, probably one of the easiest types of photo to take; but also one of the hardest to excel at.Have you ever tried to cram 30 people into a single photograph? You'd try to stack them, have some of them on the floor or even ask some of them at the back to jump at the press of the shutter!? You're also trying to make sure that you are able to see the faces of these people in the photograph. Difficult if your camera's lens is not wide enough and you have to move yourself further back to accommodate, which may not be possible if space is limited. When shooting indoors with flash, moving back may even give you an underexposed photograph, as flash is often not powerful enough to reach longer distances.
Apart from the utilitarian purpose of getting good group photographs, shooting wide angle lets you portray the scene in full detail with unusual and sometimes, exaggerated perspectives. This is especially true of super wide angle. Small objects can be made to appear larger than larger objects within the same scene, effectively shifting the balance of the image composition. When used well, it can bring attention to the subject of interest in the foreground, at the same time preserving the context of the whole image by showing the location or event in the background.
Wider Options
Lenses are categorized by their focal lengths. Typically, lenses fall into one of these categories:
· super wide angle (10~24mm)
· wide angle (24~35mm)
· standard (about 50mm)
· telephoto (70~300mm)
· super telephoto (300mm and beyond)
These numbers indicate the focal length, which describes the field of view achievable using that lens. Incidentally, the field of view of a 50mm lens is considered to be an approximation to what the human eye sees. For the DSLR owners, they can choose from a variety of lenses ranging from a super wide lens all the way up to a super telephoto. But what about the rest of us?
Digital compact camera owners are not left out of the picture. There are a multitude of wide-angle adapters for digital compacts; both made available as accessories as well as by third-party manufacturers. These can be attached via lens threads or bayonet mounts on their bodies. There are also some from third-party lenses which can be attached magnetically!
Focal Length Multiplier
Note: The 'focal length' of the lens determines the 'field of view', which is the angle of view seen using this lens. 'Field-of-view crop' is often referred to as 'focal length multiplier' for the sake of simplicity.
Digital photography, from the hardware perspective, is based on principles of 35mm film cameras. For a photographer who shoots with film, there is no such thing as a 'focal length multiplier', because to them, everything is 1x. This means that a 50mm lens is a 50mm lens. Not so for a digital SLR. A 50mm lens virtually becomes a 75mm lens, when attached to a Nikon D200 digital SLR. This is because the 'focal length multiplier' of 1.5x causes the 50mm lens to have a field of view equivalent to a 75mm lens.
Shooting wide angle is basically one way of depicting a scene using a wider field of view, which in turn is achieved by using a lens with a focal length of less than 50mm on a 35mm film SLR camera. These days, with the proliferation of digital SLR cameras, there might be some confusion to how focal lengths are calculated.
To keep things simple, we can use this rule of thumb. If you are using a 35mm film SLR, your focal length multiplier is 1x.
If you are using a digital SLR, your focal length multiplier could be any one of these, depending on the model of DSLR camera: 1x (eg Canon 1Ds Mk II), 1.3x (eg Canon 1D Mk II), 1.5x (eg Nikon D200 or D70) or 1.6x (eg Canon 30D).
To get the actual focal length (and hence field of view achievable) of your lens, multiply the lens focal length with the multiplier.
Example 1
Nikon D300 (multiplier is 1.5x) with a 17~70mm lens
The actual focal length range of this combination is 25.5mm-105mm, achieved by multiplying the lens range with 1.5
Example 2
Canon 1Ds Mk II (multiplier is 1x) with a 70~300mm lens
The actual focal length range of this combination is still 70-300mm.
Example 3
Nikon F5 (35mm film camera with multiplier of 1x) with a 15mm fisheye lens
The actual focal length of this combination is still 15mm.
The reason behind the focal length multiplier falls to the size of the recording media, the CCD or CMOS. Different cameras use different sized CCD/CMOS for different reasons eg. to make a smaller camera and for better power efficiency. For compact digital cameras which do not fall under the digital SLR category, focal length multipliers are rarely used because they don't have interchangeable lenses. What they do have are wide angle adapters or telephoto adapters. A wide angle adapter may be referred to as a 0.7x wide adapter. What this number means is that this adapter shortens the focal length of the built-in lens by multiplying it with 0.7, effectively creating a wider field of view.
Super wide angle shots sometimes appear distorted, but they do show a lot more in the background, lending context to an image
Focusing with Wide Angle Lenses
An inherent characteristic of camera lenses is that wide angle lenses come with more depth-of-field compared to telephoto lenses. This reduces focusing errors to some extent, which means that you can focus on almost anything around the center of the frame and get an acceptably sharp image. In this case, a small aperture further increases the chance of a sharp image. For best results though, we can use the "1/3 of the distance rule". Look inside your camera viewfinder, estimate the distance from the nearest point that is visible in the viewfinder, to the furthest point that is also visible in your viewfinder. Focus on a point that is roughly one-third of the distance away from you. If you cannot use autofocus effectively on that point (perhaps due to very dim light levels or low contrast early in the morning on a mountain), you can estimate the distance and manually focus your lens, using the distance scale on your lens. A small aperture (eg. f16) gives you more depth-of-field, so use it if possible. That's why it's good to carry a tripod, which will let you use smaller apertures without camera shake.
Composing with Wide Angle Lenses
Wide angle photography has its own set of challenges. While it lets you show more of the scene, sometimes less is more. If not properly framed, a super wide angle image may include distracting elements which detract from your image, because a wide angle lens sees a wider field of view than a normal lens. Therefore it's good to fill the frame well, composing it in such a way that only the necessary elements are included. Landscape photography is a classic candidate for using wide angle lenses. In order to shoot great landscape photography, foreground interest is important. Wide angle lenses let you include a sizeable portion of the foreground in the frame, so use it well by choosing a foreground that is actually interesting.
When shooting super wide angle, we can also get away with a slower shutter speed because the shorter focal length downplays slight camera shake errors, opening up new possibilites with photography. One example is hand-holding your SLR camera in a busy street downtown, capturing a sharp image of your subject while rendering the pedestrian traffic as a blur, due to the slower shutter speed.
Wide Angle Care
Exercise more caution when handling your DSLR or digicam with a wide-angle lens/adapter. Some wide angle lenses have protruding glass which is more exposed and susceptible to accidental contact with dirty fingers or worse, it may end up getting scratched. If your lens accepts a UV filter, get one. It will protect your lens from countless dangers. Many wide angle lenses allow you to focus closer than a telephoto lens, so a lens hood helps to some extent to protect your lens from your overzealous attempts to get a closer shot.
Wide angle photography is exciting, go forth and experiment!
About the Author
Andy Lim conducts practical hands-on photography workshops. If you would like to make quicker progress in the amazing world of digital photography, Andy Lim recommends a great online photography course called Digital Photography Success.
what is the difference between a wide angle lens and a fisheye lens?
i understand what a fish eye lens is and i love the way pictures/movies turn out with it. typically, a fish eye lens captures 170 degrees of your subject. would you happen to know the angle of a "wide angle" or does it vary?
Wide-angles and fisheyes differ only in that a fisheye lens causes horizontal lines to converge at the extremes (curve), giving images the unique look. There is no specific angle differentiation. Nikon has a 16mm fisheye and a 15mm wide-angle. So, it is possible that a wide angle is shorter than a fisheye, though the fisheye, due to the optical properties, may have a wider field of view.
A wide angle is simply a lens short than the diagonal of the film or sensor area (which on 35mm film or an FX sensor would round out to about 50mm) without the distortion of a fisheye.
Wide Angle
Wide Angle Camera Mounted on Firework POV
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Photography knowledge - Wide-angle lens tips
In today's news photography coverage, reporters are growing increasingly prefer to use a wide angle lens. Surrounded as they vie with each other when interviewed, and sometimes only with wide-angle lens. Not close to your subject in the press were often holding the camera, using 20mm or 24mm camera lens from the top of the head, cut through the enlarged photos can be useful. Photographed using wide-angle lens edge, is a do not disturb the object being photographed a good way, because at least for now, many people still believe that only when the cameras will be eaten in the photo.
Some people think that 24mm wide-angle lens is the best lens news is another reason why it is a great depth of field, you can also record characters and atmosphere. But must remember that even the wide-angle lens, depth of field is always limited, therefore, learn to use ultra-focus shooting method, there are more than rely on the superiority of depth of field.
It is often said, wide-angle lens effect caused by exaggerated perspective, telephoto lenses to shorten the subject of the plane. British photographer Ron Spearman that perspective effect only with the subject and the NIKON en-el1 Battery lens distance, is not related to focal length, wide-angle lens is often used only because of very obvious narrow perspective scenes, mainly from distant telephoto lens from the shooting that led to the exaggerated impression. He said: "If you are using wide-angle lens and a telephoto lens shot from a distance to ask, then the effect will be the same perspective."
For this view, the British photographer G. L. Wakefield had 55mm standard lens by comparison with the wide-angle lens to show off. He used two different lenses at the same point of view a single photo taken with the wide-angle lens view a larger picture, obviously another very different. At first glance, it seems that the perspective of two different pictures, but actually it is an illusion.
If the wide-angle shots of the negative part to the same standard zoom lens to enlarge the photo negatives taken the same size, both to clear the consistency of perspective. Knowing this, the practice in the future, we can safely use without fear of wide-angle lens will appear to change perspective.
Close photography on the issue, Wakefield said: "wide-angle lens can often be very close focus distances. For example, 24mm flat counting, in fact, the focus can be adjusted, such as the recent past to 250mm. Because of this distance is the surface of the film before the first date, far less than 200mm. In this distance, object distance and image distance ratio of about 8:1, which 55mm lens focus distance in the last object distance and image distance obtained roughly the same ratio . "Thus, Wakefield believes that" if not then ring or bellows, make the image looks larger objects, the use of wide-angle lens and there is no advantage. In addition, the use of wide-angle lens, the distance between the lens and the subject is too near the most likely to make the photographer's shadow falls on the subject or the camera above. "This is necessary to draw attention.
Spearman that the use of wide-angle lens, close to the subject when the focus with the focusing screen is very easy, in the long-range shooting is more difficult. But if we use wide-angle lens as standard lens, you will not experience problems. For close-up, by the use of ordinary focusing screen like the standard lens focusing in the distance from the shooting as easy. Shooting in the far distance, depth of field is often very large, so long as the distance by the adjustment can easily scale to obtain a clear image - to determine the error may be greater than on the side of the viewing side of focus focusing screen is much smaller. Buildings, etc. using the wide-angle shots, the camera must remain the absolute level of vertical, or near the perspective view will cause dramatic changes in the photo so that the convergence of vertical lines have a serious phenomenon. This situation on the viewfinder does not necessarily see that often, only when the negative or slide projector zoomed out, this was more obvious shortcomings.
In fact, the picture does not appear on the phenomenon of distortion of converging lines of the original scene, but a natural perspective effect. The reason it is seen as distorted, because people know that a building's vertical lines will converge, and hope in the wrong point of view to see photos of the vertical lines are parallel. However, the convergence of the phenomenon but to make the appropriate picture look real. Here is a good example, at the Kodak gallery hanging in a building Hummel Kodak film, looks like the top than the bottom is also wider, with a ruler to measure photos, results show that the top and bottom exactly the same width, which shows a little convergence rather than no convergence looks more real.
Wide-angle shots with a vertical object, such as the convergence of a serious phenomenon, it will damage the screen. All point to the same point a group of trees (to the top of the tree intake screen, the camera may not have high belief, it will happen), look very natural. L · Bronstein proposed solution is: find a high place, so that the photographer close to the subject in the middle of the height of the shooting. Another approach is to retreat, so that photographers can not raise the camera angle in the case of income of the entire landscape screen. In order to avoid the convergence of horizontal lines, you have the camera back, which is the subject of the film's plane and the plane parallel to the vertical lines form.
In addition, you can use to control the perspective of a 'wide-angle lens, it can meet the skin chamber to enhance the professional cameras and lateral movement to play the role of the lens plate. Shooting with this lens, you can place the camera parallel with the location of the building, but also can enhance the lens on top of buildings or trees greater intake screen.
Using the above techniques and the use of controlled shooting scenes perspective, but also reduce the wide-angle lens photography of a common problem: Dell Inspiron 9300 adapter prospects parts seemed very empty. Of course, dealing with a serious wide-angle lens converging vertical lines in an easier way is to enlarge photos in a vertical line on the convergence of some correction. Wakefield asked: "If the amplifier board asked to show the image on the building from the ground have taken the vertical lines converge, and you should be inclined to enlarge Tizi, Shixiang paper closer to the lens at the bottom of some of the building. The effect can be judged visually, and the inclination to enlarge Tizi Tizi through on the thickness of the book under control. "
Some people may think that doing so will cause the upper and lower-resolution photographs of loss, if the image is based on the central part of the focus words. However, Wakefield said: "For any large magnification of the zoom, for example, 5 times or more, depth of focus will be large enough to allow for substantial tilting paper without serious loss of clarity, have not even received the lens to the minimum aperture. If the image of the fuzzy circle does not exceed 0.01 inches, a 2-inch distance from the lens and the paper is 18 inches, then, the tolerance for the paper plane with disabilities 0.7 inches. This means that the phase back and front of paper up to 1.4 inches while the level of difference can not see the loss of clarity. Of course, the image should be at a place between the top and bottom focus. If the aperture closing smaller, may allow for more large tilt. "
French photographer J. L · Xiye Fu that in advertising photography, dramatic scene when the subject is poor, you can use wide-angle lens to highlight the merchandise, making it more attractive. For example, a male Chungli, with the 18mm lens can intake of farm scenery. Of course, the standard 50mm lens can use the photos to made into a mosaic, but the prospect of wide-angle lens to infinity, all make clear, to avoid the split between goods and Lenovo feeling.
Xi Yefu through the use of wide-angle perspective, distortion, rhythm of ordinary scenery show great charm, a vivid demonstration of the ups and downs for early desert. Shooting vision and mountains, you will feel that the clouds are moving in strange shapes you descend quickly. In the first item with the wide-angle lens or the height of the heel shooting scenery, can cause the feeling of immersive or close to wonderful effect. Just a little to change the viewpoint of wide-angle lens, the screen will completely change the subject.
Using wide-angle lens should be taken to avoid its weaknesses. For example, the wide-angle lens, wide angle, it is easy to intake did not want the scene. And because the scene in the viewfinder is reduced, and thus often difficult to detect when shooting. In addition, the use of this lens, should be close to their subject, otherwise, the subject will be very small, a waste of screen space.
In the wide-angle lens to be careful when adding filter. The angle is too large, filter appears at the corners of the screen will blur and darken. Sometimes even without filters, ultra wide-angle lens captured images, and colors may appear gradually from the center of the screen to the edge of the clear blue. This is because when shooting with ultra wide-angle lens, the light entering the NIKON coolpix s8000 battery lens from the edge to reach the film than the distance to reach the central part is much greater. But others believe, the appropriate use of filters, ultra-wide angle lens for shooting the works to add a unique flavor. Black and white film using filters, such as orange and red series, created to give work a strange surreal atmosphere. This effect, in the use of color film to be more apparent. However, the exposure should consider the use of multi-level approach to ensure the correct exposure.
About the Author
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Wide Angle