Converter Regulator
Converter Regulator
Vw Catalytic Converter Helps Make Cars Greener
Pollutants have scattered the globe causing much damage to the ecosystem. One leading soucre of pollution is found in the very air we breath. Most of the time, air pollution is caused by the millions of cars all over the world. That is why automakers have not stopped in developing new technologies that will really help the environment, one of which is producing catalytic converters.
In the case of the VW catalytic converter, it is a device used to reduce the toxicity of emissions from an internal combustion engine. In order to reduce emissions, modern car engines carefully control the amount of fuel they burn. They try to keep the air-to-fuel ratio very close to the calculated ideal ratio of air to fuel called, stoichiometric point. The main emissions of a car engine are nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide and water vapor. These emissions are mostly benign. But because the combustion process is never perfect, some smaller amounts of more harmful emissions are also produced in car engines. These are carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which is produced mostly from unburned fuel that evaporates. Another harmful compound is nitrogen oxide (NOx), which contributes to smog and acid rain, and also causes irritation to human mucus membranes. These are the three main regulated emissions and also the ones that VW catalytic converters are designed to reduce.
Most modern cars are equipped with three-way catalytic converters. It refers to the three regulated emissions it helps to reduce which are carbon monoxide, VOCs and NOx molecules. The converter uses two different types of catalysts, a reduction catalyst and an oxidation catalyst. Both types consist of a ceramic structure coated with a metal catalyst, which is usually platinum, rhodium or palladium. The idea is to create a structure that exposes the maximum surface area of catalyst to the exhaust stream while also minimizing the amount of catalyst required. There are two main types of structures used in catalytic converters, honeycomb and ceramic beads. Most cars today use a honeycomb structure.
The VW catalytic converter do their job in three stages. The first stage is the reduction catalyst. It uses platinum and rhodium to help reduce the NOx emissions. When a nitrogen oxide molecule contacts the catalyst, the catalyst rips the nitrogen atom out of the molecule and holds on to it, freeing the oxygen in the form of O2. The nitrogen atoms bond with other nitrogen atoms that are also stuck to the catalyst, forming N2. The oxidation catalyst is the second stage of the VW catalytic converter. It reduces the unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide by burning them over a platinum and palladium catalyst. This catalyst aids the reaction of the CO and hydrocarbons with the remaining oxygen in the exhaust gas. The final stage is a control system that monitors the exhaust stream and uses this information to control the fuel injection system. There is an oxygen sensor mounted upstream of the VW catalytic converter, meaning it is closer to the engine than the converter is. This sensor tells the engine computer how much oxygen is in the exhaust. The engine computer can increase or decrease the amount of oxygen in the exhaust by adjusting the air-to-fuel ratio. This control scheme allows the engine computer to make sure that the engine is running at close to the stoichiometric point. It also make sure that there is enough oxygen in the exhaust to allow the oxidization catalyst to burn the unburned hydrocarbons and CO.
Today's technology is also being tapped to help the environment. Like the VW catalytic converters that have proved to be helpful. Since automakers nowadays have realized technology's limitless potential and their responsibility to the environment, they have also turned to producing hybrid cars.
About the Author
George Wiggins is a business man and also a part-time bartender. He is a car enthusiast and been exploring different kinds of car modifications for the past years.
95 sunfire stalls on hard acceleration in 4th gear?
have a 95 sunfire and i have changed all the sensors on the intake manifold that are there, fuel filter, air filter, egr valve and selonoid. When i go hard on the acceleration it sputters in 2nd gear but wont stall until i get to 4th gear and between 60km and 75km the car sputters again when i go hard on acceleration (not crazy hard either) then dies. Its fine if im very gentle with the acceleration. The valve spring in the first cylinder is going and making noise, but ive had this problem before it started doing that. The catalytic converter has never been changed and looks pretty rusty also the 02 sensor upstream has been replaced but not the downstream. I took it to autovalue and got them to do a dignostic and it said it was not responding but thats weird cause the car still works off the PCM. Dont you think if the PCM was shot all the other sensors like fuel levels and seat belt wouldnt work either? I just replaced the fuel pressure regulator today, still doing the same crap
It sounds like you have done everything but a decent tune-up...which is where one should start. Replace the plugs and wires, and the cap and rotor if it has one. If that doesn't do it, check the volume that the fuel pump pushes- it should pump plenty for about 2-3 seconds before the relay opens. Good luck.
Converter Regulator
EEVblog #90 - Linear and LDO regulators and Switch Mode Power Supply Tutorial
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Campbellhausfeld Mini Regulator MP514803AV $36.83 Regulator |
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DC 24V to 12V 10A Vehicle Power Buck Converter Step-down Buck Regulator $18.07 - DC 24V to 12V vehicle power buck converter - Suitable for DC 24V vehicle - Input voltage: DC 24V - Output voltage: DC 12V - Output Current: 10A - With indicator light and fuse - Overcurrent protection and Short-circuit protection - Color: Black ? |
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All you need to know about DC to DC converters
DC to DC converters are electronic power supplies that convert a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another. The converters are used to provide regulated, unregulated, standard, extra wide input or high isolation voltage for different applications. DC to DC converters are used in several industries – including communications, business systems, portable electronic systems and computer systems. They are frequently used in laptop computers, digital cameras and personal digital assistants (PDAs). These devices are often supplied with power from batteries or external supplies and contain several sub circuits that require voltage levels different from that supplied by the battery or external supply.
There are several benefits of modern DC to DC converters. They do not need large amounts of energy to produce the desired output, and are sophisticated devices that can deliver enhanced outputs from low voltage or energy. Most DC to DC converters can even run on a battery and have multiple modes of input. There are several types of conversion methods when it comes to DC to DC power supplies. The most common are the two electronic conversion methods – linear and switching mode conversion. Linear regulators can only output voltages lower than the input and are quite inefficient, therefore they are not used in applications with large drops in voltage and high current. Electronic switching mode converters convert one DC voltage to another by storing the input energy temporarily, and then releasing the energy at a different voltage to the output. The storage can either be in magnetic components such as inductors and transformers or electric field components such as capacitors. This method is more efficient than linear voltage regulation.
When purchasing a DC to DC converter, check which input and output voltage is required. If you are looking for a voltage step up, then you should buy a converter that outputs a voltage higher than the input voltage such as a boost converter. If you are looking for a voltage step down, then opt for a converter that outputs a lower voltage than input voltage such as a buck converter. If you are getting a converter for automotive applications, then make sure that it will be able to withstand varying temperatures, load dump and cold crank.
There are several DC to DC converter products available: advanced telecommunications computing architecture (ATCA), high voltage, industry standard isolated, low power isolated industrial, non isolated, and ultra low profile DC to DC converters.
About the Author
Visit "Meanwell Direct" for more information on switching power supply and DC to DC converters products for all your needs.
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EdgeStar Tap Conversion Kit for Other 5-Liter Mini Kegs $69.50 With the 5-Liter EdgeStar TBC50BL/TBC50S Mini Keg Beer Dispenser Accessory Kit you can tap any type of mini keg you want. Whether it be a Bavarian porter, an English stout, or even root beer and cream soda for the kids, this accessory kit allows you the freedom to perfectly pour draft beer from the 5-Liter EdgeStar Mini Keg Beer Dispenser and know that your beer will be protected and poured under ... |
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Weber 41455 20 Pound Tank Adapter Hose for Use with Weber Q and Go-Anywhere Gas Grill $23.00 Turn a portable gas grill into a standard barbecue that goes the distance with this convenient adapter hose. Perfect for grilling on the go, portables aren't always the best way to go for all-night entertaining. They run on small propane cylinders that can be difficult to dispose of and last no more than a couple of hours. However, thanks to Weber you can have your portability and endurance too. W... |
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Standard Refrigerator Conversion Kit (US Sankey Coupler - No CO2 Tank) $95.46 Conversion Kits are the simplest way to convert a spare refrigerator into an home dispensing beer system. Also save money on beer! Draft beer is 1/2 the cost of cans or bottles. Ideal for your kitchen, patio, home brew or custom installations. This kit is used for dispensing most domestic beers. Does not include air tank. Video: Turn Your Fridge into a Kegerator! Learn How Click to download instal... |
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Converter Regulator